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| Amoeba |
CAUSES OF BRAIN EATING AMOEBA
The brain eating amoeba disease is rare and neuroinvasive but it can be fatal. It is an infectious disease caused by an amoeba named Naegleria fowleri. Its infection is known as PAM ( Primary Amoebic Meningoencephalitis).
Where is this brain eating amoeba Naegleria fowleri found?
Ans:- It is a fresh water organism. It lives in rivers, ponds, lakes, wells and even in unused swimming pools . If the water of these is not used for a long time it can be found. In other words it is found in stagnant but fresh water.
Is the brain eating amoeba Disease is Infectious?
It may cause severe infection. It enters through openings in our body like ears, nose, mouth etc. during swimming. The eyes, nose , ears all are connected through the brain and they enter into our brain.
Example – The brain eating amoeba can enter through olfactory nerves and cross the skull and reach into the brain.
It isn’t transmitted through drinking contaminated water.
What is the incubation period for Naegleria fowleri ?
Ans:- The incubation period is 1 to 9 days . Then symptoms start appearing.
Symptoms of brain eating amoeba:-
1 . Fever
2 . Vomiting
3 . Severe headache or Migraine
4 . Feeling Giddiness
5 . Blurred vision sometimes
6 . Confusion
7 . Listening problems may occur
8 . Hallucinations
9 . Coma
10 . Loss of taste sensation
11 . Loss of body balance
12 . Neck becomes stiff and problems in movement
13 . Cervical problems
14 . Neurological problems arises
15 . Seizures
16 . Loss of appetite.
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| Stagnant water |
What are Tests for the brain eating amoeba?
Ans :- Following are the tests for the brain eating amoeba disease:-
1 . CSF (cerebrospinal fluid) – The amoeba reaches into the cerebrospinal fluids and starts multiplying in it. Because of the multiplication of the trophozoites (Amoeba) in the csf fluids, the csf fluids start pushing or applying pressure on the Meninges of the brain . Hence the pressure in meninges, extreme and severe headache arises also called Migraine. It can change into meningitis.
2 . PCR on CSF – PCR stands for Polymerase Chain Reaction.
3 . Immunofluroscene assay.
4 . Motile amoeba can be seen in CSF
5 . Neutrophils count increases.
What should be the Medications for brain eating amoeba disease?
Ans :- 1 . Rifampicin
2 . Azithromycin
3 . Miltefosine ( An Anti- parasitic medicine).
4 . Fluconazole
5 . Amphotericin B.
But these medicines don’t guarantee the curation of disease.
How can it be prevented ?
Ans:- It can be prevented by some precautions and measures:-
1 . Wells, rivers, ponds ,lakes ,and hot springs ,swimming pools etc should be chlorinated from time to time.
2 . Do not use stagnant water of any water bodies because it can have Amoeba, bacteria and viruses.
3 . We should also not drink water, and bathe our cattle in that stagnant water because the micro organisms can also harm our cattle.
4 . Stagnant water is also a house of different types of diseases such as Malaria, Filaria, Chikungunya, Dengue etc.
5 . Create awareness among the people and children.
6 . Disinfection is important because some micro organisms do not die or are fully eliminated.
Example – Amoeba
7 . Do not swim in the stagnant water.
8 .Using nose clips can be a good option.
9 . Keep head above water while swimming or diving. It is the best way for protection.
10 . We should not wash or rinse our face, or nose in dirty or stagnant water.
11 . If there is any infection seen in the body, immediately rush to the hospital.
12 . The government should give protocols about the use of water bodies because it can also be a good measure to save water and water born diseases.
13 . Schools should provide information about the Brain eating amoeba and its precautions.
14 . Test of water from time to time. Through this we can also know about the presence of heavy metals in the water. We can save lives from other diseases caused by heavy metals.
Example :- Mina – Mata , Itai-itai Alzheimer’s Disease, Parkinson’s disease, muscular dystrophy etc
15 . Children,young and old ,of all ages can be infected .
16 . A water filter can also be used to filter the water .
17 . House tap water can also have Amoeba if it is not used for a long time. So it should be chlorinated from time to time.
Can a person’s life be saved from PAM infection?
A person’s life can be saved if it is treated without any delay. As the early signs appear, immediately go to the hospital.
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| Brain nerves |
Some important data about the Brain eating amoeba [WHO ,INDIAN GOVERNMENT REPORT]
1 . Kerala is the first state which is infected by the Brain eating amoeba.
2 . At present about 21 people have died from the diseases in Kerala.
3 . Some cases are also seen in America because of the environment.
4 . 97% of people die from infections of PAM.
5 . It is a rare but fatal disease .
6 . Prevention is better than cure.
WRITTEN BY : SONI SHARMA
FAQ…..
1 . CAN THIS DISEASE SPREAD AFTER BATHING ?
ANS . YES, IT CAN SPREAD IF WE BATH IN CONTAMINATED WATER AND THE WATER GOES INSIDE OUR BODY THROUGH NOSE .
2 . CAN THIS DISEASE BE FATAL ?
ANS . YES, IT MAY BE FATAL BUT IT IS ALSO A RARE DISEASE .
3 . IS THIS DISEASE SPREAD THROUGH ONE PERSON TO ANOTHER ?
ANS . IT IS NOT CONTAGIOUS .
4 . IS THERE ANY CASE OF BRAIN EATING AMOEBA IN INDIA ?
ANS . YES, IT WAS IN KERALA STATE .
5 . IS TAP WATER IS SAFE ?
ANS . YES, IT IS SAFE BUT THE WATER SHOULD BE CHECKED .
SOURCES : CDC , INDIAN GOVERNMENT REPORT
SOURCES: OTHER INTERNET SOURCES
SOURCES: MY STUDY AND MY RESEARCHES
